Split system air conditioners may look simple to the untrained eye, but these efficient climate control systems rely on a number of complex components to function correctly. The condenser contained within your split system's outdoor unit is one of its most vital components, and a malfunctioning condenser can cause your entire split system to fail.

Fortunately, most problems caused by malfunctioning condensers can be rectified quickly by a professional air conditioning repair service. Here are three of the most common problems that affect split system condensers:

Dirt And Debris

Your split system's condenser is made up of two separate components; the condenser coils and the condenser fan. The refrigerant liquids contained within the coils are used to extract heat from inside your home and subsequently expel this heat into the outdoors with the help of the blower fan.

Because a split system's condenser is located outdoors, it is vulnerable to damage caused by dirt and debris. Any solid matter that enters the outdoor unit's protective cabinet can start to accumulate around the condenser's refrigerant coils, creating a solid, insulating layer that prevents the coils from effectively releasing heat.

When this occurs, the refrigerant liquid stays warm as it is returned to the split system's indoor units, diminishing the cooling power of the entire system. Solid debris can also cause serious damage if it finds its way into your condenser's blower fan. If your condenser's fan is damaged in this way, it will need to be professionally replaced.

Refrigerant Leaks

If your split system's condenser coils are damaged or corroded, they make start to leak refrigerant liquid, draining the split system's supply over time. As refrigerant liquid levels drop, the cooling power of your system can be dramatically reduced, and the system may stop working entirely if liquid levels are critically low.

Most refrigerant liquids used in modern AC systems have a distinct, sweet smell. If your condenser coil is leaking, you may notice this smell when you get close to your split system's outdoor unit. Leaking condenser coils must be professionally replaced or repaired.

Motor Issues

Split system condensers rely on electric motors. These motors provide power to the blower fan and pressurize the system's refrigerant liquid supply so it can flow through the coils. If one or more of these motors fail, your split system may lose cooling power or stop functioning entirely if motor failure causes the system to overheat.

Malfunctioning condenser motors must be repaired or replaced by AC repair services. If your system is suffering from repeated condenser motor problems, this may signify problems with the outdoor unit's electrical supply, which will also need to be professionally repaired.

Reach out to a professional who provides air conditioning repair to learn more.